How to do projection in QGIS?

Projection is the transformation of curved surface (latitude, longitude) of the earth to the flat/plane surface (XY). This allows to make a map with correct distance, area or direction. There are many different types of projection and which to use all depends on purpose of your analysis.

In this tutorial I'm going to show how projection is done in QGIS. 

For this, I will be using a boundary data of 'Siyari' VDC which is in WGS 84 (Geographic Coordinate system) and will convert it to WGS 84/ 44N (Projected Coordinate system).

Step1: Load the vector data ‘Siyari’ in Layers panel.

Step2: Double left click ‘Siyari’ layer -> Information -> under Coordinate Reference System you will see Name: EPSG:4326 - WGS 84 .

It means our data is in WGS 84 Geographic Coordinate System and we need to convert this to Projected Coordinate system. 

Converting data from Geographic Coordinate System to Projected Coordinate system

Step1: Click on Vector -> Data Management Tools -> Reproject Layer

A new window will appear where you have to  adjust some settings.

Step2: Keep Input layer as default-> click on earth icon in Target CRS

Step3: Search for 32644 in Filter menu -> click on WGS 84/ UTM zone 44 N -> click ok

Now your Target CRS will be seen as WGS 84/ UTM zone 44 N

Step4: Save it as ‘Siyari_44N’ to your desired location by clicking three dots icon in ‘Reprojected’ menu -> click Run

If everything goes fine you will get following output.

 

Now if you see its Coordinate Reference System. Now it has been changed to WGS 84/ UTM zone 44 N.

Finally, a new projected data has been obtained.

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